PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON EFFECT OF DRUGS ABUSE ON YOUTHS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: A STUDY CASE OF LOKOJA, KOGI STATE
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Quantitative
- Regression
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Educators
- NGN 3000
Background of the Study
Drug abuse has transformed into a worldwide issue negatively impacting nearly every single nation, however the magnitude, induces, implications, and attributes vary from one nation to another. Etymologically, Kiiru (2015) opined that the use of intoxicants or illegal substances can be said to be a widespread concept observed amongst certain various communities as the Fangs of North Western Equatorial Africa, the Aryans of Northern India, the Jivaro of the Amazonian rain forest, the Aborigenes of Australia, the Reindeer Herders of Siberia. Gatonye (2016) in his assumption perceive drug abuse as a chemical that alters perceptions, cognition, emotion, behaviour, and general bodily functioning. On the other hand Alemika (2018) avers that individuals tolerate the use of certain substances or drugs under particular conditions as a benign and even good activity due to its link to societal and individual contexts. For example, the use of medications like Benylin with codeine, Tutolin with codeine, for medical causes like whooping cough is not drug abuse; however it only becomes abuse when it is oriented toward creating some desirable behaviours, physical dependency, addiction, and/or being a nuisance to society. Similarly, Balogun (2016) opined that drug misuse is not limited to oral medication (i.e. injection, capsules, or tablets), but also includes marijuana, alcohol, and traditional alcoholic beverages like Ogogoro, Burukutu, Fito, and Bammi.
In Nigeria, the incessant use of hard drug and substance addiction problem is no different from what is happening in other although the extent of the problem may differ with a handful of youth population who forms the manpower and future of Nigerian society disproportionately affected. According to the Federal Ministry of Youths and Sports, Nigerian youths aged 10 to 30 make up around 49% of the country's population with approximately 38% of Nigerian youths involved in drugs (National Drug Law Enforcement Agency 2017). Attah, Baba, & Audu (2016) from his study observed similarly that in contemporary Nigeria, numerous categories of youngsters (both male and female) are addicted to substance/drug usage. Many of these youths' actions are significantly influenced by peer culture, as student learn from and mimic the peers they like and admire. Wanting to appear beautiful to others becomes particularly essential in adolescence, and this aspect is vital in the development of eating disorders, alcohol use, nicotine and drug use, tanning, not practicing safe sex, and sensitivity to harm, among other behavior.
Surprisingly, drug misuse most typically begins in early adolescence in secondary school due to financial challenges and cultural behaviours of this age group. Turner found that secondary school student are increasingly using prescription medicines, notably diploids used to treat severe pain and stimulant medications used to treat disorders such as attention deficit disorder and narcolepsy. According to Mclean and Ellrod (2018), drug use, abuse, and other substance usage appear to be endangering educational institutions all over the world; they appear to be overloaded by the monster despite their purpose of imparting information, ideas, values, and standards. Similarly, Ajayi and Ekundayo (2018) argue that it is disheartening to recognize that adolescents who are viewed as tomorrow's leaders and are being taught in secondary schools have turned to drug usage. This act does not make a significant contribution to the progress of the students, and the expected outcome of these students can greatly diminish their academic achievement due to their persistence to drug addiction, which poses a barrier to efficient teaching, school administration, and learning processes in the Nigerian educational system.
Statement of the Problem
In recent times,the unnerving indication in the level of drug abuse, the repercussions and impacts of substance abuse among students has prompted concern and a struggle to all helping professions to ridgeline approaches of equipping youths with skills of living devoid of substance abuse. According to WHO and World Heart Foundation data, 22.1% of school youth aged 12 to 17 years use tobacco in Nigeria. Today, more Nigerian youngsters are becoming drug addicts, as the country transitions from a drug-consuming to a drug-producing state. Young people from affluent backgrounds are increasingly associating with the "big guys" who use drugs such as heroin and cocaine. Other narcotics, such as Indian hemp, which is commonly cultivated in Nigeria, and other intoxicating substances, such as methamphetamine and codeine tablets, are commonly found in schools (Staff, 2012 references in Alemika 2018 ).
Intuitively, most young people participate in drug misuse without considering the various consequences. In their studies on the perception of drug abuse among Nigerian undergraduates, Oshikoya and Alli (2016) identified over-reliance and intoxication as one of the major ramifications of substance abuse, characterized by compulsive drug craving seeking behavior and use that persists even in the face of negative consequences. These alterations are maladaptive and unsuited to the social or environmental context, putting the individual at danger. Staff (2012) asserts that adolescent substance abusers perform worse in school, and family issues, deviance, and low self-esteem appear to explain this relationship. (NDLEA, 2017) contends that numerous school-aged adolescents face mental health problems, either temporarily or permanently. According to Sambo (2018), chronic use of substances can cause serious and sometimes irreversible damage to adolescent's physical and psychological development. Drug or substance abuse causes disorder characterized by the use of behavior-altering substance in a maladaptive pattern resulting in significant impairment or distress. These implications include inability to meet social or vocational commitments, recurring usage in contexts when it is physically risky to do so, and legal difficulties or behaviour adjustment (Kandel & Chen, 2015).
Although various studies have been conducted in this area, data on drug misuse patterns and addiction consequences among secondary school students in Lokoja Local Government Area, Kogi State, remain mostly undocumented. As a result, there is a need to collect information to fill this knowledge gap by concentrating on developing public perspective on the influence of drug misuse on juvenile academic performance in Bali Local Government Area: a case study of Lokoja, Kogi State.
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